a)Gọi x,y lần lượt là số mol của Al, Fe trong hỗn hợp ban đầu (x,y>0)

Sau phản ứng hỗn hợp muối khan gồm: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}AlCl_3:x\left(mol\right)\\FeCl_2:y\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có hệ phương trình: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=13,9\\133,5x+127y=38\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x\approx0,0896\\y\approx0,205\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}\%m_{Al}=\dfrac{0,0896\cdot27\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx17,4\%\\\%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,205\cdot56\cdot100\%}{13,9}\approx82,6\%\end{matrix}\right.\)

Theo Bảo toàn nguyên tố Cl, H ta có:\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{n_{HCl}}{2}=\dfrac{3n_{AlCl_3}+2n_{FeCl_2}}{2}\\ =\dfrac{3\cdot0,0896+2\cdot0,205}{2}=0,3394mol\\ \Rightarrow V_{H_2}=0,3394\cdot22,4\approx7,6l\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,4874}{22,4}=0,06640178571\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTNT\) H:

\(2n_{H_2}=n_{HCl}\)

\(\Rightarrow n_{HCl}=\dfrac{7437}{56000}\left(mol\right)\)

BTKL có: \(m_{kl}+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_{muối}=1,58+\dfrac{7437}{56000}.36,5-2.0,06640178571=6,29\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{1,4874}{24,9}=0,06\left(mol\right)\)

BTNT H:

 \(2n_{H_2}=n_{HCl}\\ \Rightarrow n_{HCl}=2.0,06=0,12\left(mol\right)\)

BTKL có: \(m_{kl}+m_{HCl}=m_{muối}+m_{H_2}\)

=> \(m_{muối}=1,58+0,12.36,5-0,06.2=5,84\left(g\right)\)

làm lại đây, xin lỗi nhé: )

\(Đặt:n_{Mg}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ PTHH:Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\\ 2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24a+27b=5,1\\22,4a+22,4.1,5.b=5,6\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\\ a,\Rightarrow\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1.24}{5,1}.100\approx47,059\%\\ \Rightarrow\%m_{Al}\approx100\%-47,059\%\approx52,941\%\\ b,n_{HCl}=2.n_{H_2}=2.\left(0,1+0,1.1,5\right)=0,5\left(mol\right)\\ \Rightarrow V_{ddHCl}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25\left(l\right)\)

a)\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\uparrow\)

   x           2x            x             x

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\)

y            3y          y             1,5y

Ta có hệ:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}24x+27y=5,1\\x+1,5y=\dfrac{5,6}{22,4}=0,25\end{matrix}\right.\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,1\\y=0,1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\%m_{Mg}=\dfrac{0,1\cdot24}{5,1}\cdot100\%=47,06\%\)

\(\%m_{Al}=100\%-47,06\%=52,94\%\)

b)\(\Sigma n_{HCl}=2x+3y=2\cdot0,1+3\cdot0,1=0,5mol\)

\(V=\dfrac{n}{C_M}=\dfrac{0,5}{2}=0,25l=250ml\)

a)

$R + 2HCl \to RCl_2 + H_2$
$2B + 6HCl \to 2BCl_3 + 3H_2$

$n_{H_2} = \dfrac{5,6}{22,4} = 0,25(mol)$
$n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,5(mol)$

Bảo toàn khối lượng : $m_{muối} = m_{kl} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2}$

$= 9,2 + 0,5.36,5 - 0,25.2 = 26,95(gam)$

b) $V_{dd\ HCl} = \dfrac{0,5}{2} = 0,25(lít)$

Gọi x, y, z là số mol Fe, Mg, Cu

=> \(56x+24y+64z=24,8\) (1)

X+ H2SO4 đặc nóng 

2Fe + 6H₂SO₄ → Fe₂(SO₄)₃ + 3SO₂↑ + 6H₂O

Mg + 2H₂SO₄→ MgSO₄ + SO₂↑ + 2H₂O.

Cu + 2H₂SO₄→ CuSO₄ + SO₂↑ + 2H₂O.

Các muối là  \(Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3,MgSO_4,CuSO_4\)

=> \(n_{Fe_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{n_{Fe}}{2}=\dfrac{x.}{2};n_{MgCl_2}=n_{Mg}=y;n_{CuCl_2}=n_{Cu}=z\)

=> \(\dfrac{400x}{2}+120y+160z=132\)  (2)

X + HCl dư thu được khí là H2

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(Mg+2HCl\rightarrow MgCl_2+H_2\)

=> x+y=0,5 (mol) (3)

Từ (1), (2), (3) => x, y ,z 

Xem lại đề vì hệ vô nghiệm

Zn+2HCl→ZnCl2+H2

 2Al+6HCl→2AlCl3+3H2

Gọi số mol HCllà x

n H2=\(\dfrac{1}{2}\)n HCl=0,5x

Bảo toàn khối lượng: mkl+mHCl=mmuối+mH2

6,05+36,5x=13,15+0,5x.2

→x=0,2 mol

mHCl=0,2.36,5=7,3 gam

=>m =mddHCl=\(\dfrac{7,3}{10\%}\)=73gam